Scientific Notation Calculator

Convert numbers to and from scientific notation, or perform operations on numbers already in scientific notation. Handles very large and very small numbers used in science, physics, and chemistry.

Scientific Notation Converter

Scientific Notation Rules

Format: a × 10ⁿ where 1 ≤ |a| < 10 Multiply: (a × 10ⁿ) × (b × 10ᵐ) = (a×b) × 10^(n+m) Divide: (a × 10ⁿ) ÷ (b × 10ᵐ) = (a/b) × 10^(n−m) Positive exponent → large number (move decimal right) Negative exponent → small number (move decimal left)

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you write a number in scientific notation?+
Move the decimal point until you have a coefficient between 1 and 10. The number of places you moved the decimal becomes the exponent. Moving left = positive exponent (large number). Moving right = negative exponent (small number). Example: 45,000 = 4.5 × 10⁴ (moved decimal 4 places left). Example: 0.0032 = 3.2 × 10⁻³ (moved decimal 3 places right).
What is E notation?+
E notation (or engineering notation) writes the exponent after the letter E: 4.5E4 means 4.5 × 10⁴ = 45,000. It's used in calculators and programming languages because superscripts are hard to type. 3.2E-3 means 3.2 × 10⁻³ = 0.0032. Our calculator accepts both formats as input.